Jim,
Here's a discussion on Chevy Talk that says compression on a '54 235 is just under 125#.
http://www.chevytalk.org/fusionbb/showtopic.php?tid/282437/ So low 80s# on that 'engine might be a clue.
According to this even a '48 216 has compression pressure of 110#:
http://www.secondchancegarage.com/public/361.cfmIn the past I've adapted a spark plug base to accept compressed air. If that air is whistling out the carburetor or exhaust pipe(s) with the valves closed a burned or bent valve would be a suspect.