The 6 Bolt double nut bolt pattern probably started in 1956. Ford used it and some fleets wanted a standardized wheel for all of their trucks. It was made by Budd and had left hand threads on the left side of the truck and right hand threads on the right side.
Heavier trucks used the same nuts, but with a 10 stud configuration. It was used up until six or seven years ago. It relied on the stud and a rounded nut with recesses in the wheels to center the wheel on the hub. It was pretty much the standard on heavy trucks, but it required sixty pieces on each single axle truck and one hundred on a tandem axle and you couldn't interchange the parts from one side to the other. Took more time to change tires and wheels, particularly the inner dual.
About ten years ago, the hub piloted wheel was introduced and it is now what is used almost exclusively in the industry. It cut the parts down to 40 on a single axle truck and 60 on a tandem axle, and all of the parts were right hand threads, so you wouldn't cross thread them if you weren't careful. The hub piloting was better and the whole thing weighed less.
Dayton wheels were really a brand of cast spoke wheels with demountable rims. They were popular east of the Mississippi and you couldn't sell a truck west of the Mississippi if it had them. They took a really expert tire guy to get them on straight and in the west, we didn't have them. As they were heavier, they began to die out a number of years ago and you almost never see them in the west and, at least with General Motors, they're not even available anymore.
The 22.5 tubeless tires came out in 1956, but they weren't well received. Farmers said that they went flat from thorns to easily compared to tube tires. If I remember correctly, we began to see tube type tire begin to lose favor in the early 1990's and you can't get them anymore. My opinion is that the tires were greatly improved and the fact that they were lighter had an impact also.
Don't forget that General Motors offered a five and ten stud hub piloted front wheel, five studs on 5,000 Lb. Axles and 10 studs on 7,000 Lb. Axles and ten studs on the rear throughout most of this time. They were peculiar to General Motors, but weren't used on front axles larger than 7,000 Lb and rear axles larger than 17,000 Lb.
Hope that this sheds some light on the subject.
