Check voltage at the pump, it must maintain full battery with plenty of amps. Its best the use a 30/40 amp relay at the pump and use smaller wire to switch it, then run 12 gauge right off the battery to power the pump. Run a 12 gauge wire for the ground at the same time. Be sure it has a safety switch wired into the oil pressure circuit, and a primer button for easy starting.
Is the pump mounted at a low point on the frame? pretty close to the bottom of the tank level? That might help keep it working.
Was the pump still running when it quit? you could hear it or felt of it?
Try this, run a line from the pump back into the tank and let it run for a while. If the tank is plugging up, it should quit fairly quick due to the high volume of fuel moving.
It could be you just have a bad pump, with the engine running, very little fuel is moving through the pump. With out fuel movement, heat builds shutting it down till it cools.
You can add a regulator to return fuel to the tank to help cool the pump.
Holley regulators are cheap and work good for this. Install a " T " fitting at the pump off the outlet side (pressure side). Run this new line into the side of the regulator then run a line out the bottom of the regulator to the tank (can be 1/4" line). Adjust the regulator for 1 - 2 psi. It looks backwards, but works just fine. Hooked up backwards like this gives full volume to the carb with only a few pounds of pressure drop going to the tank.
Joe