You say you moved the shifter and something clicked. What clicked? This looks like a manual shift Timken-Wisconsin with no shift linkage. Try manually moving the lever on the rear end. It may be between high and low. The bearing you show looks to be the sliding gear bearing. I think you would hear something rattling around if you had a broken axle. Timken went to an air shift in about 1950 and there are not many of these around any more. Much less people who have worked on them before.
