Panhead59 correctly describes the easiest way to distinguish a 216 engine from most high-pressure 235/261 engines (1954 and later). However, distinguishing a 216 from an early (low pressure) 235 engine (especially 1941-1949) is not as easy to do from exterior appearances.

As Panhead59 posted, the engine serial number and block/head casting codes are the best way to identify an 216 from a low pressure 235.

Here are locations of codes on low-pressure engine.

Here are locations of codes on high-pressure engine (almost the same locations as above?)

Here is the side view that shows the low-pressure oil distributor that is used on low pressure engines (all 216s and low-pressure 235). There is no oil distributor on the manifold side of a high-pressure 235/261 block.