David,
A number of those drums could have been turned repeatedly, depending on original placement as to front or rear, number of overhauls and trips to the lathes, etc. According to the 58 shop manual, any drum more than .010" out of round should be turned, and no drum should exceed .060" of the standard diameter, which in this case is 11".
Adjustments between the two rear drums are not likely to be an issue,as long as at the end of the day they are adjusted to the same tolerances. Some of that adjustment that you spoke of may have been part of getting the linings centered, as I presume that you had not bled the brakes as part of this replacement process.
As the drum was stuck on one side, it may have been that the linings were adjusted out rather far in the first place, and if stuck, were hanging on a lip on the inside of the drum.
To Adjust:
On the 58 1/2 ton rear, standard practice as outlined in the shop manual is to turn out the adjuster until a light drag is felt, them to turn the adjuster back 7 notches. Personally, I set mine in that fashion, and just backed off the adjuster until no contact was felt.
