You have dirty or burned points. Measure the voltage at the coil terminal that goes to the distributor with the ignition switch in the "run" position, engine stopped, and points closed. If it's more than about 1/4 volt (250 millivolts) clean or replace the points. Bypassing the resistor is allowing enough current to flow through the burned points to make the engine run. That won't last for long.
Jerry

"It is better to be silent and be thought a fool than to speak and eliminate all doubt!" - Abraham Lincoln
Cringe and wail in fear, Eloi- - - - -we Morlocks are on the hunt!
There is nothing noble in being superior to your fellow man; true nobility is being superior to your former self. - Ernest Hemingway
Love your enemies and drive 'em nuts!