If your driven gear is a 20 tooth unit, that would match up with GM# 3707598 which is a 7 tooth drive & 20 tooth driven gear complete set listed in my 1933-62 Chevy Master Parts book that fits 1955-58 1/2 Tons with the 4 speed and the tire sizes 15" or 6.50" X 16" tire sizes. Finding just the driven gear unit in your picture is probably going to require finding a donor transmission with the same piece as I couldn't find anything currently being offered around the web.
The later 1958-59 4 speeds with the standard tire sizes 6.70" X 15" or 6.50" X 16, used gear set GM# 3752392, which is a 7 tooth drive & 19 tooth driven gear set. It sound like the gear you have pictured is not from a 1959 4 speed. Perhaps that transmission was mis-marked by someone along the way?
Before you go further in search of another driven gear, I would suggest you double check that the shaft hole in the gear doesn't have a broken off stub stuck down inside the whole. Those cables have been known to shear off and leave just enough of a stub in the drive hole to prevent a new cable from setting down deep enough to engage the squared portion of the hole. Soak it in Kroil or something similar and dig down in the whole with a very small sharp tool like a dental pic. You may be surprised to find and remove an offending stub and get your drive gear working again.
FWIW, below is a pic from an NOS GM# 3752392 gear set currently offered on ePay. If you look at the cable hole in the driven gear, it looks round to start. The squared hole portion doesn't start until a good bit down into the hole.