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Current installing new wiring harness, in a 53, 3100 motor and battery are out of truck, motor being rebuilt. Is there a way to to test the harness with out the engine out of truck?

If by test the harness you mean checking continuity of each circuit, you can do that with a multimeter or powered test light. You'd have to identify each end of the circuit and put your probes on them to see if the meter beeps (or shows below 5 ohms) or the test light lights up. I'm not sure why you'd suspect a new harness to be bad, though.

It would be much better to wait for motor installed and most all of the truck to be finished. There is nothing to gain to see if a new wire has continuity. Normally you don't pre-test a harness like it is for an aircraft or rocket. Our truck harnesses and install are low tech, straight forward, color coded, especially if it is a prewired fuse box type harness. One end is sort of already done. I reluctantly suggest wiring the lights portion and do some preliminary routing/planning, if you must have busy hands. Maybe dash/gauges. If you want further opinion, give harness brand, part number and vendor. State any added accessories, what motor and non stock items. Wiring is usually almost the last thing, after paint and all components are in place or ready to mount. Leaving seat out may help.
If a person is doing a refurbish, not a retore, same applies.

If you're doing a full wiring harness install, seems like it would be convenient to test the non-motor-related circuits while the engine is out? Make sure to protect any dangling powered engine wiring (coil, ballast resistor, etc) from shorting. Then, connect the battery and verify headlights, tail lights, brake lights, interior lights, radio, turn signals. Since this reply is almost 2 weeks late, you might have the engine back anyway?