Use a deepwell socket or an old piston pin over the thread, and press the stud into the axle flange with a big C clamp. Get as much tension as you can on the clamp, then smack the end of the clamp screw with a BFH. The stud will move a little. Then tighten the clamp and smack it with the hammer again. The combination of clamping force and hammer blows will seat the stud without overstressing the thread by using the nut/washer approach. If you stretch the thread with too much torque, you're wasting your time installing a new stud.
Jerry
