261 or 283?
From your cylinder count I'm thinking its a 261 inline six, not a V-8 283.
You might get a broken piston out without removing the crank, but its very unlikely you'd get a good piston back in. I think the head needs to come off.
I have a broken motor out in my shop with a hole in the pan where a rod tried to exit, and most of the piston was laying in the bottom of the pan.
