Sooooo....
Are all these one-lunger (single barrel) carbs similar to the B in that running too rich is a sign that there might be a vacuum leak somewhere/multiple places, or a stuck open power valve?
Are the Carters as susceptible as the Rottenchesters apparently are to bad joints in the idle circuit and the Air Horn to Fuel Bowl seam?
Or could it be as simple as a float adjustment, or stuck power piston/power valve? (Does the Carter even have issues with these things?)
Not trying to be the teacher, just a student trying to wrap my head around carburetors ....
But it seems to me that to get to the bottom of this for a "good" fix, the OP needs to pull the carb and do some forensics.... Ja?
(1) (vacuum leak) - no
(2) (bad joints) - no
(3a) (float adjustment) - possible, an incorrect fuel valve is more likely, but it: Quote "When driving everything seems to function fine". End quote.
(3b) (stuck power piston) - it is possible for the accelerator pump shaft to "freeze" in its housing if the carb were stored in a humid climate for a few years.
(5) (pull the carb) - John - I don't think the OP should do this without some testing.
I think the choke here may be the issue.
Jon