The broken studs that this thread started out discussing are in a set of front hubs, swaged into place, and they also secure the brake drum to the hub. I installed my first set of studs like that in the mid-1960's while replacing a worn out brake drum. I'd like to hide and watch someone do that little job without the specialized equipment required to cut the swaged part away, and another tool used with an air hammer to re-establish the swage to secure the new drum. I'll take notes- - - - -maybe I've been doing it wrong for over 60 years.
Jerry

"It is better to be silent and be thought a fool than to speak and eliminate all doubt!" - Abraham Lincoln
Cringe and wail in fear, Eloi- - - - -we Morlocks are on the hunt!
There is nothing noble in being superior to your fellow man; true nobility is being superior to your former self. - Ernest Hemingway
Love your enemies and drive 'em nuts!