Have you not converted to open drive line yet? If you have, what's the question? If you still have closed drive line, what's the question?
For your motor, possibly early power glide or Hydra-matic will work or an adapter for more modern auto. The older trannies are cast iron boat anchors.
A lot of your words indicate you are aiming towards more modern driveline, if so, you must convert to open driveshaft. 55-56 and up differential.
With a V8, many trans options TH350, 700R
The "more modern" trannies fit 63 and up motors direct.
Tranny bolt patterns became standardized 6 and 8 cyl. So your options would be from a 230 all the way to a BBC.
Power steering kits are available for your truck
Others may correct my memory on this stuff.